About this solution
Lab Objectives
- Study the fundamental properties of fluids o Determine parameters such as density, viscosity, atmospheric pressure, capillarity and buoyancy. o Understand how these properties affect the behaviour of fluids under static and dynamic conditions.
- Analyse the behaviour of fluids in motion o Apply Pascal’s and Bernoulli’s principles to relate pressure, velocity and flow rate. o Observe phenomena such as laminar and turbulent flow using the Hele Shaw apparatus. o Study changes in pressure and velocity profiles using Pitot tubes.
- Understand how hydraulic machines work o Analyse the characteristics of pumps (in series and parallel) and Francis turbines. o Calculate the performance and efficiency of hydraulic machines according to operating conditions. o Assess the effect of arrangement and load on pumps connected in series and in parallel.
Educational Aims
- Make the theoretical concepts of hydraulics and fluid dynamics tangible through direct experience.
- Develop experimental skills: using measuring instruments such as manometers, flow meters, Pitot tubes and digital data acquisition systems.
- Encourage scientific observation: recognising and describing the fluid-dynamic phenomena observed in the experimental models.
- Build familiarity with the experimental method: planning tests, collecting and processing data, comparing them with theoretical values.
- Encourage collaborative learning: teamwork, discussion of results and writing technical reports.
Conclusion
By the end of the lab, students will have:
- Consolidated their theoretical knowledge of the properties and behaviour of fluids.
- Gained first-hand experience of using professional equipment, understanding the importance of calibration and correct data acquisition.
- Observed complex fluid-dynamic phenomena, such as changes in velocity profiles, potential flow and head losses, relating their observations to theoretical principles.
- Gained an applied perspective on hydraulics concepts, useful for analysing and designing real hydraulic installations and machines. This lab is a key element of technical training because it combines theory, experimentation and practical applications, giving students skills that can be applied in industrial and engineering contexts. This solution includes technology systems that support inclusion and equal opportunities through the use of innovative teaching methods. It is designed to promote active and collaborative learning.
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